Pieter Bruegel the Elder was a Netherlandish Renaissance painter and printmaker known for his landscapes and peasant scenes. He was nicknamed Peasant Bruegel to distinguish him from other members of the Bruegel dynasty. He was the greatest member of a large and important southern Netherlandish family of artists active for four generation in the 16th and 17th centuries.
While Karel van Mander, a Dutch biographer, claims that Pieter Bruegel the Elder was born in a town of the same name near Breda, most recent authorities follow the Italian writer Guicciardini in designating Breda itself as the birthplace of Pieter. It is inferred that Pieter was born between 1525 and 1530 on the basis of the fact that Pieter entered the guild of Antwerp painters in 1551.
By way of the Alps, Pieter Bruegel the Elder returned to Antwerp around 1555. This return resulted to a number of exquisite drawings of mountain landscapes. Forming the basis for many of his later paintings, these sketches were not records of actual places but composites made for the investigation of the organic life in forms of nature.
In the series Seven Deadly Sins, Pieter Bruegel the Elder achieved a truly creative synthesis of the demonic symbolism of Hieronymus Bosch with his own personal vision of human folly and depravity. This was very unlikely of any of his Antwerp contemporaries.
The 1959 Combat of Carnival and Lent, one of the earliest signed and dated painting of Pieter Bruegel the Elder, the influence of Hieronymus Bosch was still strongly felt. Derivatives from the earlier Dutch master included the high-horizoned landscape, the decorative surface patterning and many of the iconographic details.
The 1562 painting of Pieter Bruegel the Elder entitled the Triumph of Death, was interpreted as a reference to the outbreak of religious persecutions in the Netherlands at the time. Meanwhile, the 1563 painting of the Tower of Babel was intended to symbolize the futility of human ambitions and to criticize the spirit of commercialism then reigning in Antwerp.
While Karel van Mander, a Dutch biographer, claims that Pieter Bruegel the Elder was born in a town of the same name near Breda, most recent authorities follow the Italian writer Guicciardini in designating Breda itself as the birthplace of Pieter. It is inferred that Pieter was born between 1525 and 1530 on the basis of the fact that Pieter entered the guild of Antwerp painters in 1551.
By way of the Alps, Pieter Bruegel the Elder returned to Antwerp around 1555. This return resulted to a number of exquisite drawings of mountain landscapes. Forming the basis for many of his later paintings, these sketches were not records of actual places but composites made for the investigation of the organic life in forms of nature.
In the series Seven Deadly Sins, Pieter Bruegel the Elder achieved a truly creative synthesis of the demonic symbolism of Hieronymus Bosch with his own personal vision of human folly and depravity. This was very unlikely of any of his Antwerp contemporaries.
The 1959 Combat of Carnival and Lent, one of the earliest signed and dated painting of Pieter Bruegel the Elder, the influence of Hieronymus Bosch was still strongly felt. Derivatives from the earlier Dutch master included the high-horizoned landscape, the decorative surface patterning and many of the iconographic details.
The 1562 painting of Pieter Bruegel the Elder entitled the Triumph of Death, was interpreted as a reference to the outbreak of religious persecutions in the Netherlands at the time. Meanwhile, the 1563 painting of the Tower of Babel was intended to symbolize the futility of human ambitions and to criticize the spirit of commercialism then reigning in Antwerp.
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